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【目的】氨掺烧对推动能源结构清洁低碳转型具有重要意义。为进一步研究掺氨比例变化对锅炉燃烧状况的具体影响，【方法】本文以能量平衡为基础建立300 MW煤粉锅炉热力计算模型，通过锅炉热力计算考察了不同氨掺烧比例下燃料消耗量、锅炉效率及烟气特性随氨燃料掺烧比例的变化规律；进一步分析了炉膛辐射减弱系数和黑度随氨掺烧比例的变化规律。【结果】研究表明：掺烧比例从0增大到40%，排烟热损失增加5.3%，锅炉效率下降0.21%；烟气量增加6.2%，烟气中水含量增加64.2%,3原子气体含量降低41.4%；水露点提高了11.9%，酸露点在掺烧比例为40%时达到最大值135℃；理论燃烧温度降低46℃，炉膛出口温度提高8℃；火焰辐射减弱系数、火焰辐射吸收率、火焰黑度和炉膛黑度均随氨掺烧量增大而逐渐降低；当燃煤发电机组的氨掺烧量为43%时，碳排放量与同等容量的燃气发电机组碳排放量一致。【结论】研究结果可为氨煤混烧技术开发、锅炉受热面结构设计及污染物控制设备运行参数选取提供重要支撑。
Abstract：[Objective] Ammonia-coal co-firing is of great significance in promoting the clean and low-carbon transformation of energy structure. To study the influence of ammonia co-firing ratio on combustion characteristics, [Methods] a thermal calculation model of a 300 MW coal-fired boiler was set up based on the energy balance method. The changes in fuel consumption, boiler efficiency, and flue gas characteristics with ammonia ratios were investigated in this paper. Furthermore, the analysis of the variation of furnace radiation attenuation coefficient and blackness with ammonia ratios were also conducted. [Results] The results show that the ammonia ratio increases from 0 to 40%, the heat loss of exhaust gas increases by 5.3%, the boiler efficiency decreases by 0.21%, the flue gas volume increases by 6.2%, the water content in the flue gas increased by 64.2%, and the triatomic gas content decreased by 41.4%,the water dew point increases by 11.9%, the theoretical combustion temperature decreases by 46 ℃, and the furnace outlet temperature increases by 8 ℃. The acid dew point reaches a maximum value of 135 ℃ at 40% ammonia ratio. The flame radiation attenuation coefficient and flame radiation absorption rate, the flame and furnace blackness, gradually decrease with the increase of ammonia ratio in fuel. When the ammonia blending amount of coal-fired generating units is 43%, the carbon emission is consistent with the carbon emission of gas-fired generating units with the same capacity. [Conclusion] The results can provide important support for the development of ammonia-coal co-firing technology, the design of boiler heating surface, and the selection of operating parameters of pollutant control equipment.
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Basic Information:
DOI：10.19944/j.eptep.1674-8069.2025.02.012
China Classification Code:TM621.2
Citation Information:
[1]王翔,王雪,侯宗余等.300 MW煤粉锅炉氨燃料掺烧对锅炉烟气特性的影响分析[J].电力科技与环保,2025,41(02):294-302.DOI:10.19944/j.eptep.1674-8069.2025.02.012.
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低碳智能燃煤发电与超净排放全国重点实验室开放课题