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Analysis of supercritical carbon dioxide cycle partial load control strategy by the split method
CHANG Cheng;XU Jinliang;SUN Enhui;[Objective] The supercritical carbon dioxide cycle(S-CO2) often works under partial load due to active regulation or external influence, and the study of control strategy is very important for analyzing partial load characteristics. In order to study the impression of control strategy on cycle efficiency and equipment performance, a new control strategy is needed. [Methods] In this paper, based on the 20 MW S-CO2 recompression cycle(RC) model, the RC is decoupled into two simple Bryton cycle: one and two(SC1 and SC2) by using the splitting method. Then, four common partial load control strategies of inventory control, turbine bypass control, turbine throttling valve control and turbine inlet temperature control are analyzed, and the cycle efficiency and equipment performance characteristics of different control strategies under partial load are explored. [Results] At partial load, the trend of SC2 efficiency change will have a great impact on RC alone. In contrast, the adjustment range of inventory control and temperature control is the largest, as low as 30%, followed by turbine throttle control and turbine bypass control, as low as 35% and 50%. The RC efficiency from high to low is inventory control, turbine throttle control, turbine bypass control and temperature control. The highest efficiency is 44.80% at 95% load of inventory control, and the lowest efficiency is 16.85% at 30% load of temperature control. The best heat recovery effect is inventory control, and the heat recovery increases from 460.11 kJ/kg to 583.66 kJ/kg. The heat recovery trends of turbine throttle valve control and turbine bypass control are almost the same, and the temperature control is the worst. The heat recovery decreases from 460.11 kJ/kg to 187.42 kJ/kg. The change of compressor efficiency under temperature control and turbine bypass control is the smallest, both within 0.77%, while the change of compressor efficiency under inventory control and turbine throttle control is larger, both above 1.13%. For turbine efficiency, taking 50% load as an example, the turbine efficiency from large to small is 84.6% for turbine throttle control, 83.90% for turbine bypass control, 81.67% for inventory control and 78.77% for temperature control. [Conclusion] This study explores four typical part-load control strategies from the perspective of cycle decomposition, providing support for the development and optimization of part-load control strategies in S-CO2 cycles.
Research on day-ahead optimization scheduling of integrated wind-power-storage energy systems considering price-based demand response
ZHAO Weihan;XU Jin;TIAN Xin;WANG Jinkuo;JIANG Qiongqiong;LIU Huawei;XU Chao;[Objective] In order to solve the problems of power intermittence, fluctuation and wind and light curtailment caused by high proportion of wind power and photovoltaic access to the power grid, and to improve the system operation economy and renewable energy consumption capacity, it is necessary to establish a comprehensive optimal scheduling model. [Methods] This paper proposes a day-ahead scheduling framework for wind-solar-storage integrated energy system, which integrates data-driven prediction and model optimization. The multi-input time series model is constructed by MATLAB neural network, and the historical wind power photovoltaic output, electric load and meteorological data are input, and the 24-hour hourly prediction value is output. Based on the forecast data, taking a regional system in Quanzhou City, Fujian Province as the object, a scheduling model with the goal of minimizing the total operating cost is established, and the MATLAB + CPLEX solution method is used for comprehensive analysis and verification. Finally, five sets of scenarios are designed( Scenario 1: no energy storage, demand response and electricity sales. Scenario 2 : only increase energy storage. Scenario 3: Increasing energy storage and demand response. Scenario 4: increase energy storage and electricity sales. Scenario 5: Increase energy storage, demand response and electricity sales), and compare the key indicators after using the model. [Results] Compared with Scenario 1 and Scenario 2, the total cost of Scenario 2 is reduced by about 500 yuan, and the cost of purchasing and selling electricity is reduced by about 600 yuan, a decrease of 12%; in Scenario 2, the curtailment of wind and light is alleviated, but limited by the energy storage capacity, the curtailment of wind and light is not completely eliminated. Compared with Scenario 2 and Scenario 3, Scenario 3 guides load transfer through time-of-use electricity price, and the total operating cost is further reduced by about 0.4%. Compared with Scenario 3, Scenario 4 and Scenario 5, the total cost of Scenario 5 is significantly reduced by about 7 600 yuan, and the introduction of electricity sales mechanism greatly solves the problem of wind and light abandonment. By comprehensive comparison, scenario 5 has the best effect. The combined strategy of increasing energy storage configuration, price-based demand response and selling electricity to the power grid can reduce the total operation cost of the system by 28%, reduce the wind and light curtailment to 0, and reduce the load fluctuation by 10%, which improves the economy and consumption capacity of the system. [Conclusion] The scheduling framework of data prediction and optimization can effectively deal with the uncertainty of renewable energy. The combination strategy of energy storage configuration, price-based demand response and power sales to the power grid can objectively reduce the system operation cost, eliminate the wind and light curtailment, stabilize the load fluctuation, and improve the economy and consumption capacity.
Research progress of fluidized bed oxygen carrier aided combustion technology
DONG Wei;YIN Liuling;CAO Xi;BU Changsheng;[Objective]Oxygen carrier aided combustion(OCAC) represents an innovative combustion approach that enables dynamic oxygen storage and migration through active bed materials, thereby enhancing fuel conversion efficiency and reducing pollutant emissions. [Methods]This review examines research progress in fluidised bed OCAC technology, exploring its potential for improving combustion efficiency and lowering pollutant emissions, whilst analysing challenges encountered in practical applications and future development directions. [Results]Research indicates it effectively suppresses CO and unburned carbon emissions. Substituting quartz sand bed materials significantly improves fuel combustion performance and substantially reduces NO concentrations in flue gas, while also providing oxygen buffering and combustion stabilisation effects. Building upon this, researchers proposed integrating OCAC with oxygen-enriched combustion to further enhance carbon capture efficiency and combustion stability. As the most widely applied oxygen carrier, iron-based carriers have garnered significant attention due to their abundant resources, low cost, and environmental friendliness. However, their susceptibility to sintering, wear, and reactivity decline during recycling limits long-term operational economics and reactor stability. Previous studies have attempted to improve sintering resistance and reactivity through mineral modification, composite oxide design, and additive incorporation. Nevertheless, balancing material cost with service life remains a challenge. [Conclusion]OCAC technology demonstrates promising potential for enhancing combustion efficiency and reducing carbon emissions. However, achieving large-scale deployment requires establishing a systematic techno-economic evaluation framework to quantify the relationship between oxygen carrier lifespan, replenishment costs, and overall carbon reduction benefits, optimising gas-solid coupling characteristics in fluidised bed reactors to enhance operational stability and developing iron-based composite oxygen carriers with high cycle stability to achieve both low cost and high performance. In the future, with continuous optimisation of oxygen carrier design and reactor processes, OCAC technology is expected to play a significant role in clean, efficient combustion and carbon dioxide reduction.
Calculation of CO2 radiative properties based on LBL-SNB hybrid algorithm
ZHANG Jiazhen;XU Siyuan;LIU Huawei;[Objective] The accurate measurement of carbon emissions is conducive to the development of carbon emission reduction activities. When estimating the CO2 emissions of coal-fired power plants, the line-by-line method has high calculation accuracy but serious time-consuming, and the statistical narrow-band method has high calculation efficiency but limited accuracy. In order to solve the problem that the accuracy and efficiency of the two are difficult to balance, this paper improves the calculation method. [Methods] To address this trade-off between accuracy and efficiency, an adaptive LBL-SNB hybrid computational method is proposed, combining the high precision of LBL with the computational efficiency of SNB. The method divides the spectral range into equal sub-regions and evaluates the total line intensity within each sub-region. [Results] The results show that under the conditions of pressure 1.01×105 Pa, temperature 1 500 K and pure CO2 condition, the LBL-SNB model( threshold 10%) takes 217.83 s to calculate the CO2 radiation characteristics in the range of 2 200 ～ 2 400 cm-1. The calculation time of this model is only 12.16% of that of the traditional line-by-line method. With the increase of threshold parameters, the consistency between the calculation results of the absorption coefficient and the LBL model is significantly enhanced. Under the same conditions above, the radiative transfer characteristics of three different trends of incident spectra(monotonically decreasing, monotonically increasing and fixed) through the CO2 gas layer are simulated and calculated. Among them, the LBL-SNB model occupies 64 016 bytes of memory, the SNB model occupies 624 bytes of memory, and the LBL model occupies 320 016 bytes. The memory usage of the LBL-SNB model is only 20% of that of the LBL model, indicating that the LBL-SNB hybrid calculation method has certain advantages in memory saving. [Conclusion] The LBL-SNB model inherits the advantages of the LBL model for accurate calculation of strong spectral line information, and greatly reduces the memory consumption. Compared with the SNB model, the LBL-SNB model shows higher calculation accuracy, and has good application value in the study of spectral radiation characteristics, which is helpful to promote the development of carbon measurement in the field of coal and electricity.
Development and prospects of carbon reduction technologies for coal-fired power plants coupled with biomass power generation
HUANG Yefei;LIU Yanxin;YIN Liuling;BU Changsheng;[Objective] This study aims to systematically analyze the carbon reduction potential, pollutant control efficiency, and techno-economic performance of coal-fired power plants coupled with biomass power generation, while exploring their development status, technical bottlenecks, and solutions, thereby providing theoretical support for China' s energy structure optimization and green transition.[Methods] Through literature review and case studies, this research categorizes the main co-firing modes(direct, indirect, and parallel coupling) of coal-biomass power generation globally. It compares combustion characteristics and pollutant emission patterns of different biomass fuels(agricultural residues, sludge, municipal waste) and evaluates carbon reduction effects based on engineering data. Technical challenges(e.g., low blending ratios, mill output limitations, heating surface corrosion) and industrial barriers(e. g., unstable supply chains, insufficient policy incentives) are summarized, with optimization strategies proposed.[Results] Biomass co-firing significantly reduces CO2 emissions and lowers SO2 and NOx emissions. However, high-ratio blending is constrained by fuel pretreatment,torrefaction and pelletizing, equipment retrofitting,mill optimization, and pollutant control(dioxins, heavy metals). Case studies reveal that the UK' s Drax Power Station achieves 100% biomass combustion via dedicated burners, while China's Shiliquan project halted operations due to feedstock cost volatility, highlighting supply chain and policy deficiencies.[Conclusion] Coal-biomass coupled power generation is a viable pathway for low-carbon transition, yet requires breakthroughs in technical bottlenecks(e.g., high-ratio blending technologies, combustion system optimization) and industrial ecosystem improvement(e. g., stable supply chains, targeted subsidies). Future efforts should focus on standardization, intelligent control systems, and multi-source solid waste co-processing to maximize environmental and economic benefits.
Study on the structure of printed circuit heat exchangers with discontinuous flow channels
WU Jiarong;YANG Yu;NI Yike;GU Zhengmeng;[Objective] The high pressure condition of the precooler in the supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton Cycle power generation system may lead to the damage of the core structure and affect the safe and stable operation of the system. In order to study the stress intensity of the precooler in the form of printed circuit board under the design parameters, [Methods] the finite element method was used to compare the stress intensity of the hot fluid pressure of 9.3 MPa and the cold fluid pressure of 0.55 MPa, and the stress intensity of the core with in-line and staggered diamondlike fins in the flow channel. The stress intensity assessment and structural optimization were carried out according to the relevant provisions of JB 4732—1995 Steel Pressure Vessel Analysis and Design Standard and Boiler(Confirmed in 2005)and Pressure Vessel Code from the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. [Results] The results show that the maximum stress intensity of the core with staggered arrangement of fins is 252.91 MPa, and the maximum stress intensity of the core with in-line arrangement of fins is 282.12 MPa. The high stress intensity area is located at the connection between the front and rear edges of the fin root of the hot fluid flow channel and the plate of the cold fluid flow channel. The 8.75 MPa pressure difference between the hot and cold fluids and the 4.0 mm spacing between the two adjacent rows of fins along the flow direction lead to a large area of high stress intensity zone on the upper and lower plates of the core cold fluid flow channel arranged in sequence. For the core with in-line arrangement of fins in the flow channel, adjusting the cold fluid pressure and increasing the thickness of the upper and lower plates of the cold fluid flow channel can reduce the sum of the primary local membrane stress intensity and the primary bending stress intensity in a specific path. [Conclusion] The research results in this paper provide a reference for the development of compact heat exchangers.
Integrated optimization of natural gas combined cycle power generation coupled with CO2 capture system
WU Ying;JI Zixuan;XU Ruixiang;ZHANG Jiahao;YUAN Yuyang;WANG Lei;[Objective] CO2 emission reduction in coal power plants has important practical significance for achieving the goal of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality. Aiming at the problems of high power generation efficiency loss and low-grade heat waste caused by the coupling process of CO2 capture system and natural gas combined cycle(NGCC) system, [Methods] This paper proposes an integrated optimization scheme for the coupling of NGCC and CO2 capture system with absorption heat exchange unit, and uses Aspen Plus V11 software to simulate and analyze the influence of CO2 capture system on the thermal performance of NGCC system. [Results] The results show that for the NGCC system with a net power generation of 134.53 MW, when the CO2 capture efficiency reaches 80%, the energy consumption required by the CO2 capture system reduces the net power generation of the NGCC system to 107.15 MW, and the power generation efficiency loss reaches 12.05%. When the absorption heat exchange unit is introduced to recover the waste heat of the CO2 capture system, in addition to the extraction steam of the regeneration reactor, the NGCC system needs additional extraction steam to heat the hot water in the primary pipe network to meet the heating demand, which further reduces the net power generation of the new coupling system to 100.79 MW, and the net power generation efficiency loss increases by 2.80%. The optimized system has an additional loss of 6.36 MW of power generation, but provides 110.22 MW of heat supply. The heat supply generated by the extraction of NGCC system is only 36.43 MW(33.05%), and the heat supply generated by the absorption heat exchange unit recovering the waste heat of the CO2 capture system is as high as 73.79 MW(66.95%), which greatly compensates for the economic loss caused by the heat loss. [Conclusion] The integrated optimization scheme of the new NGCC system and the CO2 capture system proposed in this paper uses the absorption heat exchange unit to efficiently recover the low-grade heat in the CO2 capture system, achieving a significant energy saving and emission reduction effect. The thermal analysis results confirm the superiority of the proposed scheme.
Research on sulfur-resistant solid amine adsorbents for CO2 capture in municipal solid waste incineration power plants
ZOU Jinsheng;TAN Lingjun;LIN Junhao;CHEN Heijin;ZHANG Zuotai;YAN Feng;[Objective]To address the issue of irreversible deactivation of solid amine adsorbents caused by SO2 in the flue gas of waste incineration power plants, this study aims to develop a solid amine adsorption material with excellent sulfur resistance to enhance its CO2 capture cycle stability in sulfur-containing flue gas.[Methods] This study proposes a sulfur resistance strategy by modifying tetraethylenepentamine(TEPA) with propylene oxide(PO). The distribution of primary, secondary, and tertiary amine functional groups in the organic amine molecules was regulated through molecular structure modulation to improve the cyclic stability of the solid amine under sulfur-containing conditions.[Results] The results indicate that SO2 caused significant poisoning of the unmodified TEPA@SiO2 adsorbent, with the adsorption capacity decaying by over 90% after 6 cycles. After PO modification, the cyclic stability of the 1.0 PO-TEPA@SiO2 and 2.0 PO-TEPA@SiO2 adsorbents was significantly improved, although the initial CO2 adsorption capacity also decreased. To balance adsorption capacity and cyclic stability, a mixed-amine modified MPO-TEPA@SiO2 adsorbent was designed and synthesized. It exhibited excellent comprehensive adsorption performance under a high SO2 concentration of 5.0×10-3(v/v), and under simulated practical conditions with a SO2 concentration of 10.0×10-6(v/v), the average decay per cycle over 100 cycles was only 0.21%, demonstrating outstanding long-term operational stability.[Conclusion] The PO modification and mixed-amine strategy provide an effective pathway for enhancing the sulfur resistance of solid amine adsorbents, which is of great significance for the engineering application of CO2 capture from flue gas in waste incineration power plants and the low-carbon transition of the power industry.
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Introduction
Electric Power Technology and Environmental Protection
Bimonthly issued
CN 32-1808/X
ISSN 1674-8069
Governed by:
China Energy Investment Group Co., Ltd.
Sponsored by:
China Energy Group Science and Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd.
Academic support：
State Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Smart Coal-fired PowerGeneration and Ultra-clean Emission
Columns:
Thermal Energy Engineering, Clean Power Generation, New Energy Generation, Integrated Power Generation.
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